CLINICAL CASE
Intracoronary use of levocarnitine for coronary artery stent insertion in high-risk patients
1 Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
2 Saint Petersburg Clinical Hospital of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia
3 Clinical Hospital of the Sokolov North-Western District Scientific and Clinical Center of the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Saint Petersburg, Russia
4 Central Clinical Hospital with a Polyclinic of the Administrative Directorate of the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
Correspondence should be addressed: Nikita Yu. Semigolovskii
pr. Kultury, 4, Saint Petersburg, 194291, Russia; ur.xednay@iksvologimes
Funding: the study was performed as part of the State Assignment No. 075-01609-23-04 “Adjuvant Cytoprotection by Intracoronary Levocarnitine Administration during Revascularization in Patients with Acute and Chronic Coronary Syndrome” (FUEM-2023-0018). Research project No. 1022040701249-2-3.2.4. Agreement No. 075-03-2023-695/1 dated 21.04.2023.
Author contribution: Semigolovskii NYu — study concept and design, text development, literature review; Kozaev AN, Nikolskaya EM, Semenova IG — сollection and processing of material; Mazurenko SO — literature review, material analysis, editing; Guslev AB, Scheglov AN — material analysis; Balluzek MF — material analysis, editing.
The main causes of postoperative mortality associated with percutaneous coronary interventions involving the coronary artery stent insertion are perioperative myocardial infarction and acute heart failure due to inadequate protection of the myocardium against ischemia/reperfusion. The standard therapy includes beta blockers, anticoagulants, antiplatelet drugs. Two clinical cases of successful use of intravenous levocarnitine for cardioprotection in senile patients with acute forms of coronary heart disease with multivessel lesions are reported. The postoperative period went well, smooth dynamics of biomarker levels (troponin I, creatine phosphokinase, MB fraction of creatine phosphokinase) was observed, and ischemic ECG changes were relatively small. The expected results of the technique application include reduction of intraoperative and postoperative complications of ischemia/reperfusion and the increase in effectiveness of the stent insertion clinical outcomes in high-risk patients.
Keywords: coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome, ischemia/reperfusion, percutaneous coronary interventions, levocarnitine, intracoronary administration