ISSN Print 2713-2757
ISSN Online 2713-2765
Extreme Medicine
SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL REVIEWED JOURNAL OF FMBA OF RUSSIA
ORIGINAL RESEARCH
N protein based vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 produces a strong T cell immune response to N Protein of novel strains
About authors
1 Saint Petersburg Scientific Research Institute of Vaccines and Serums and Enterprise for the Production of Bacterial Preparations of the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Saint Petersburg, Russia
2 Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
3 Institute of Immunology of the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
4 Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
5 Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
Correspondence should be addressed: Sevastyan O. Rabdano
Svobody, 52, 198320, Krasnoye Selo, Saint Petersburg; ur.onadbar@naytsaves
About paper
Author contribution: Rabdano SO — study design, data analysis, data interpretation, manuscript writing; Mukhin VE — bioinformatic analysis, experimental procedure, data acquisition, statistical analysis, manuscript writing; Makarov VV — study design, data interpretation, manuscript writing; Rudakov GO — data analysis, statistical analysis, data interpretation, graphics preparation, manuscript writing; Ruzanova EA, Arakelov SA, Khaitov MR, Yudin SM, Kryuchko DS, Berzin IA, Evtushenko AE — study design, manuscript editing; Truhin VP, Skvortsova VI — research idea, study concept, manuscript editing.
Compliance with ethical standards: the study was approved by the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (clinical trial approval № 388 of 19 July 2021), Ethics Committee of MH RF (protocol № 282 of 19 July 2021) and Independent Ethics Committee (IEC) of the research center (protocols № 163 of 15 July 2021 and № 164 of 20 July 2021); the study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the World Medical Association (WMA) Declaration of Helsinki (1964) and its latest update (2013), tripartite guideline for Good Clinical Practice approved by the International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) (E6 (R2) of 09 November 2016) and current legislation of the EEU and RF. Two copies of the informed consent form (volunteer information sheet) were to be signed and dated by the subjects and the researcher by their own handwriting.
Received: 2022-09-12
Accepted: 2022-09-26
Published online: 2022-09-30
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The second generation COVID-19 vaccines should produce the long-term protective immune response to the existing and novel strains of SARS-CoV-2. The Convacell® vaccine was designed to produce such immune response by using N protein as an antigen. N-protein is not susceptible to fast accumulation of mutations and is highly homologous to nucleocapsid proteins of other β-coronaviruses. The study was aimed to perform in vitro assessment of the Convacell® vaccine ability to produce immune response to the Wuhan, Delta, and Omicron strains. Mononuclear cells of vaccinated volunteers and survivors were subjected to N protein stimulation. After that specific activation of the cells was assessed by flow cytometry. The results showed that a sibstantial percentage of CD4 and CD8 cells produced IFNγ and IL2 in response to stimulation. No significant reduction of the response to strains Delta and Omicron compared to the Wuhan strain was revealed. The findings support the direction of the N protein based vaccine design towards creation of the universal vaccine.
Keywords: immunity, coronavirus, vaccine, SARS-CoV-2, novel strains, N protein, nucleocapsid, Delta, Omicron, Wuhan