Funding: the study was performed within the Program of Fundamental Scientific Research on the topic of the environmental immunology laboratory, Institute of Physiology of Natural Adaptations, N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (project № 122011300377-5).

Author contribution: Patrakeeva VP — study planning, data collection, processing and interpretation, literature review, manuscript writing; Kontievskaya EV — data collection and processing.

Compliance with ethical standards: the study was conducted with the written consent of all participants and in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki (1975, rev. 2013). The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research, the Ural branch of RAS (protocol № 4 of 7 December 2016, protocol № 6 of 14 February 2022).