The review compares promising approaches to treatment of skin and bone tissue injuries sustained under extreme conditions that employ mesenchymal stem cells. The materials have been extracted from Google Scholar and PubMed. We describe key factors of the Arctic region that affect human epidermis and bone tissues, as well as those that complicate their healing in case of injury. The reviewed papers allowed identifying promising products that have a multifaceted effect on the tissue repair processes, which are those employing mesenchymal stem cells, their exosomes, and recombinant growth factors in combination with biomaterials. Medical products developed for treatment of injuries sustained in the Arctic conditions can be used for wounds sustained in other extreme environments.