REVIEW
Robotic means of rehabilitation of motor activity of patients in the post-stroke period
1 National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
2 Federal Research and Clinical Centre for Medical Rehabilitation and Balneology of the Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, Russia
3 Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, Tomsk, Russia
Correspondence should be addressed: Dmitry S. Zhdanov
Novosobornaya ploshchad', 1, k. 103, Tomsk, 63450, Russia; ur.liam@vonadhZ_S_D
Funding: the results were obtained as part of the fulfillment of the state assignment of the Russian Ministry of Education and Science, project № FSWM-2022-0008.
Acknowledgements: to A.Vorozhtsov, Vice-Rector for Research and Innovation of the National Research University for assistance in the development of research in the field of medical robotics.
Author contribution: IY Zemlyakov — article core authoring, formalization of findings and conclusion; DS Zhdanov — analysis of literature; АSh Bureev — analysis of patented solutions; ЕV Golobokova — search for information on devices for restoration of upper limb functions; YaV Kosteley — search for information on devices for restoration of lower limb functions.
Compliance with the ethical standards: The study was approved by the Ethical Committee of the Multidisciplinary Scientific and Clinical Center for Medical and Sports Rehabilitation and Resorts (minutes №1 dated July 6, 2022).
Stroke prevalence is one of the most acute problems in the medical and social aspects of society: strokes are the second most common in the mortality statistics of the population. In the Russian Federation, stroke occurs annually in almost 500,000 people and is the first among the causes of death from neurological diseases and the second most common cause of death after heart disease. The most common consequences of stroke are motor disorders of varying severity, manifested as changes in muscle tone, paresis and paralysis, and impaired walking function. This paper is an overview of the current state of robotic rehabilitation devices used for post-stroke limb paresis and of expected trends of their development. The existing variants of their construction, conditions of kinesiotherapy sessions for obtaining the greatest effect are considered. The authors are of the opinion that the nearest prospect for the development of high-tech devices of this type is not only complex stationary universal complexes for clinics, but also simple mobile specialized simulators with remote medical control for outpatient use.
Keywords: functional electrical stimulation, exoskeleton, stroke, medical robotics, devices for rehabilitation, biofeedback